Green Synthesis of Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles with Pharmacological Applications
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70577/ag7vpd28Keywords:
green synthesis, nitrogen heterocycles, pharmaceutical chemistry, sustainability, biological activity.Abstract
The synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocycles with pharmacological relevance is limited by conventional methods due to high energy consumption, toxic waste generation, and the use of hazardous solvents, which has driven the development of more sustainable strategies. The aim of this study was to analyze the efficiency of green synthesis of nitrogen heterocycles and its relationship with pharmacological activity. The methodology followed a quantitative, non-experimental documentary design, based on 120 scientific articles, 25 international reports, and 18 technical documents, applying multiple linear regression, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation. The main results show that green synthesis methods achieve an average yield of 89.6 %, reduce reaction time to 3.2 hours, and significantly decrease environmental impact compared to conventional methods. Additionally, a positive correlation between process sustainability and biological activity was identified (r = 0.71), highlighting higher anticancer (34 %) and antimicrobial (28 %) activity. It is concluded that green synthesis of nitrogen heterocycles optimizes chemical efficiency, reduces environmental impact, and maintains high pharmacological activity, consolidating itself as a viable alternative for new drug development.
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